Technical teams from Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) have finalized an initial draft of a peace agreement following U.S.-mediated talks in Washington, DC. The deal, expected to be signed by the two countries’ foreign ministers on June 27, marks a significant step toward resolving decades of conflict in eastern DRC.
The breakthrough came after three days of intensive negotiations facilitated by the United States, with Qatar participating as an observer. A joint statement released by the U.S. Department of State confirmed the progress, noting that the draft agreement addresses political, security, and economic concerns.
Key Provisions of the Agreement
The proposed deal includes:
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Respect for territorial integrity and a prohibition of hostilities.
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Disarmament and conditional integration of non-state armed groups.
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A Joint Security Coordination Mechanism based on the October 2024 CONOPS framework.
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Measures to facilitate the return of refugees and displaced persons, as well as improved humanitarian access.
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A regional economic integration framework to foster long-term stability.
Initially, the agreement was to be signed by Rwandan President Paul Kagame and DRC President Félix Tshisekedi at the White House in mid-June, as outlined in the Declaration of Principles signed by their foreign ministers on April 25. However, the signing was delayed as negotiators worked to finalize a “comprehensive, realistic, and win-win” deal.
Roots of the Conflict
Tensions between Rwanda and the DRC stem from the aftermath of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi, with Rwanda accusing Kinshasa of backing the FDLR militia—a group founded by génocidaires. Meanwhile, the DRC accuses Rwanda of supporting the M23 rebels, a claim Kigali denies.
Recent escalations in eastern DRC, where M23 rebels seized major cities earlier this year, intensified diplomatic efforts. Qatar has also played a key role, hosting Kagame and Tshisekedi in April and mediating talks between the DRC and M23.
Next Steps
The ministers’ signing on June 27 will pave the way for a later summit between the two presidents, witnessed by U.S. President Donald Trump. The U.S. and Qatar have been praised for their joint efforts in advancing peace.
Both nations expressed hope that the agreement will bring lasting stability and economic growth to the Great Lakes region.
— Reporting by The USA New Times, Washington, DC
